The generalized Langevin equation with a power law memory kernel is derived via the gas/solid-surface model with fractional heat bath. Using Lapalce transformation, the dynamic evolution and long-time asymptotic behaviors of the gas particles occurring either in free or harmonic potentials are then investigated. In particular, the validity of three kinds of ergodic criteria is analyzed in detail, including the Khinchin criterion, Lee criterion, and the intrinsic and external behaviors. It is found that the Khinchin criterion holds for all ranges of diffusion and transport processes described by a generalized Langevin equation. Lee criterion is just applied to distinguish diffusion processes. Meanwhile, the intrinsic criterion and external behaviors can not only divide the nonergodicity into two classes but also reveal the underlying physical origins.