NIE Tengfei; XU Qiang; LUO Xinyi; HONG Aoyue; CAO Zeshui; GUO Liejin

doi:10.7498/aps.74.20250014

Abstract

In order to enhance the efficiency of large-scale water decomposition, it is important to understand the oxygen bubble evolution on the electrode surface. In this work, a numerical model for the growth of oxygen bubbles on the electrode surface is proposed based on the dissolved oxygen flux at the bubble boundary, and the mechanisms of the reaction area and current during the bubble growth are investigated. The results show that the bubble diameters calculated from the oxygen flux at the bubble boundary are in good agreement with the diameters of the bubbles growing in the control phase of the chemical reaction. As the reaction region increases, the transition time from the diffusion-controlled stage to the chemical reaction-controlled stage becomes longer during the bubble growth. The concentration maximum value on the microelectrode surface is significantly higher than that on the large electrode surface, which leads to a steeper concentration gradient between the microelectrode surface and the bubble surface. As the current increases, the bubble growth rate increases and the time coefficient decreases faster. The bubble diameter at a current of 0.06 mA accords well with the bubble diameter at a current of 0.1 mA in the photoelectrochemical water splitting experiments. This is because the scattering of light by the growing bubbles leads to a decrease in the current density at the bottom of the bubble.

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Authors and contacts

Corresponding author: XU Qiang, qiang.xu@mail.xjtu.edu.cn ; GUO Liejin, lj-guo@mail.xjtu.edu.cn

Funds: Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 52488201, 52422606).

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Cited By

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

	沸腾气泡	光解气泡
生长过程	成核、生长和脱离	成核、生长和脱离
相间作用	异相成核	异相成核
驱动力	过饱和温度	过饱和浓度
气泡成分	水蒸气	氢气/氧气
能质传输	涉及热能与物质的传递	涉及热能、化学能、光能及物质的传递
生长规律	生长速率受热传导和蒸气压支配, 快速膨胀后脱离	生长受限于光强、反应速率及气体扩散, 可能持续缓慢生长
稳定性	上升时可能因冷却而凝结	化学性质稳定, 不易再溶解
气泡尺寸/m	10^–3—10^–2	10^–9—10^–4
生长时间/s	10^–2—10^–1	10^–3—10²

DownLoad: CSV

参数	值
表面张力 σ/(mN·m^–1)	70
电流 I/mA	0.03—0.12
光斑半径 r_laser/mm	0.05—0.9
转移电子数 z	4
氧气摩尔质量$M_{\rm O_2} $/(g·mol^–1)	32
氧气扩散系数 $D_{\rm O_2} $/(m²·s^–1)	2.1×10^–9
气泡初始半径 r_b/μm	15
参考压力 p_ref/kPa	101.325
浓度建立时间 t_wait/s	1.2×10^–5

DownLoad: CSV

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Vol. 74, Issue 10 - 2025-05-20

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