CHU Hao; ZHANG Haotian; ZHANG Zhili

doi:10.7498/aps.74.20250241

Abstract

As pointed out by Nambu-Goldstone theorem, the breaking of continuous symmetry gives rise to massless or gapless bosonic excitations. In superconductors, continuous local U(1) gauge symmetry is broken. The gapless excitation thus created is the collective phase mode of the superconducting order parameter. In 1962, Philip Anderson pointed out that the Coulomb interaction between Cooper pairs lifts this gapless mode to the superconducting plasma frequency. Therefore, in a superconducting fluid there are no bosonic excitations below the binding energy of the Cooper pairs (2Δ). Anderson’s mechanism also implies that the massless photon, which mediates electromagnetic interaction, becomes massive in a superconductor. This mechanism provides a microscopic theory for the dissipationless charge transport (in conjunction with Landau’s criterion for superfluidity) as well as the Meissner effect inside a superconductor. Jumping into particle physics, in 1964 in order to explain why the gauge bosons for electroweak interaction, namely the W±, Z bosons, are massive, Peter Higgs, François Englert, Tom Kibble and colleagues proposed the existence of a field (presently referred to as the Higgs field) in nature. This matter field couples to the massless W±, Z bosons and generates mass via the Higgs mechanism. Due to their conceptual similarities, these two mechanisms are collectively referred to as the Anderson-Higgs mechanism nowadays. In 2013, the scalar excitation of the Higgs field, namely the Higgs boson, was detected at the Large Hadron Collider, providing the final proof for the Higgs hypothesis nearly 50 years after its proposal. The amplitude mode of the superconducting order parameter, which corresponds to the Higgs boson through the above analogy, is referred to as the Higgs mode of a superconductor. Its spectroscopic detection has also remained elusive for nearly half a century. In recent years, the development of ultrafast and nonlinear spectroscopic techniques enabled an effective approach for investigating the Higgs mode of superconductors. In this paper, we will introduce the historical background of the Higgs mode and review the recent developments in its spectroscopy study. We will also discuss the novel perspectives and insights that may be learnt from these studies for future high-temperature superconductivity research.

Keywords:

Authors and contacts

Corresponding author: CHU Hao, haochusjtu@sjtu.edu.cn

Funds: Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 12274286), the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2024YFA1408701), and the Yangyang Development Fund, China.

FullText HTML

References

[1]
[2]
[3]
[4]
[5]
[6]
[7]
[8]
[9]
[10]
[11]
[12]
[13]
[14]
[15]
[16]
[17]
[18]
[19]
[20]
[21]
[22]
[23]
[24]
[25]
[26]
[27]
[28]
[29]
[30]
[31]
[32]
[33]
[34]
[35]
[36]
[37]
[38]
[39]
[40]
[41]
[42]
[43]
[44]
[45]
[46]
[47]
[48]
[49]
[50]
[51]
[52]
[53]
[54]
[55]
[56]
[57]
[58]
[59]
[60]
[61]
[62]
[63]
[64]
[65]
[66]
[67]
[68]
[69]
[70]
[71]
[72]
[73]
[74]

Cited By

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

[1]
[2]
[3]
[4]
[5]
[6]
[7]
[8]
[9]
[10]
[11]
[12]
[13]
[14]
[15]
[16]
[17]
[18]
[19]
[20]
[21]
[22]
[23]
[24]
[25]
[26]
[27]
[28]
[29]
[30]
[31]
[32]
[33]
[34]
[35]
[36]
[37]
[38]
[39]
[40]
[41]
[42]
[43]
[44]
[45]
[46]
[47]
[48]
[49]
[50]
[51]
[52]
[53]
[54]
[55]
[56]
[57]
[58]
[59]
[60]
[61]
[62]
[63]
[64]
[65]
[66]
[67]
[68]
[69]
[70]
[71]
[72]
[73]
[74]

[1]	Liu Quan-Cheng, Yang Fu, Zhang Qi, Duan Yong-Wei, Deng Hu, Shang Li-Ping. Research on vibrational features of CL-20/MTNP cocrystal by terahertz spectroscopy. Acta Physica Sinica, 2024, 73(19): 193201. doi: 10.7498/aps.73.20240944
[2]	Qiu Zi-Yang, Chen Yan, Qiu Xiang-Gang. Infrared spectroscopic study of topological material BaMnSb₂. Acta Physica Sinica, 2022, 71(10): 107201. doi: 10.7498/aps.71.20220011
[3]	Li Chun-Guang, Wang Jia, Wu Yun, Wang Xu, Sun Liang, Dong Hui, Gao Bo, Li Hao, You Li-Xing, Lin Zhi-Rong, Ren Jie, Li Jing, Zhang Wen, He Qing, Wang Yi-Wen, Wei Lian-Fu, Sun Han-Cong, Wang Hua-Bing, Li Jin-Jin, Qu Ji-Feng. Recent progress of superconducting electronics in China. Acta Physica Sinica, 2021, 70(1): 018501. doi: 10.7498/aps.70.20202121
[4]	Li Jian-Xin. Spin fluctuations and uncoventional superconducting pairing. Acta Physica Sinica, 2021, 70(1): 017408. doi: 10.7498/aps.70.20202180
[5]	Feng Shi-Liang, Wang Jing-Yu, Chen Shu, Meng Ling-Yan, Shen Shao-Xin, Yang Zhi-Lin. Surface plasmon resonance “hot spots” and near-field enhanced spectroscopy at interfaces. Acta Physica Sinica, 2019, 68(14): 147801. doi: 10.7498/aps.68.20190305
[6]	Li Shi-Liang, Liu Zhao-Yu, Gu Yan-Hong. Nematic fluctuations in iron-based superconductors studied by resistivity change under uniaxial pressure. Acta Physica Sinica, 2018, 67(12): 127401. doi: 10.7498/aps.67.20180627
[7]	Zhang Xiang-Yu, Ma Ying-Xiang, Xu Chun-Long, Ding Jian, Quan Hong-Juan, Hou Zhao-Yang, Shi Gang, Qin Ning, Gao Dang-Li. Spectroscopic exploration of upconversion luminescence behavior of rare earth-doped single-particle micro/nanocrystals. Acta Physica Sinica, 2018, 67(18): 183301. doi: 10.7498/aps.67.20172191
[8]	Yang Chao, Gu Cheng-Lin, Liu Yang, Wang Chao, Li Jiang, Li Wen-Xue. Dual repetition-rate mode-locked Yb: YAG ceramic laser. Acta Physica Sinica, 2018, 67(9): 094206. doi: 10.7498/aps.67.20172345
[9]	Wang Jian-Li, Guo Liang, Xu Xian-Fan, Ni Zhong-Hua, Chen Yun-Fei. Manipulation of lattice vibration by ultrafast spectroscopy. Acta Physica Sinica, 2017, 66(1): 014203. doi: 10.7498/aps.66.014203
[10]	Fan Zheng-Fu, Tan Zhi-Yong, Wan Wen-Jian, Xing Xiao, Lin Xian, Jin Zuan-Ming, Cao Jun-Cheng, Ma Guo-Hong. Study on ultrafast dynamics of low-temperature grown GaAs by optical pump and terahertz probe spectroscopy. Acta Physica Sinica, 2017, 66(8): 087801. doi: 10.7498/aps.66.087801
[11]	Zhang Bo, Zhang Chun-Feng, Li Xi-You, Wang Rui, Xiao Min. Ultrafast spectroscopic study for singlet fission. Acta Physica Sinica, 2015, 64(9): 094210. doi: 10.7498/aps.64.094210
[12]	Liu Ning, Zhang Xin-Ping, Dou Fei. Heterojunction structure forming in the polymer film doped with small-molecule organic semiconductors. Acta Physica Sinica, 2012, 61(2): 027201. doi: 10.7498/aps.61.027201
[13]	Xu Yue, Jin Zuan-Ming, Li Gao-Fang, Zhang Zheng-Bing, Lin Xian, Ma Guo-Hong, Cheng Zhen-Xiang. Ultrafast spectroscopy of the Mn3+ dd transition in YMnO3 film. Acta Physica Sinica, 2012, 61(17): 177802. doi: 10.7498/aps.61.177802
[14]	Wu Xue-Wei, Liu Xiao-Jun. Grain-boundary effects on optical properties in SrTiO3 nanoparticles. Acta Physica Sinica, 2008, 57(9): 5500-5505. doi: 10.7498/aps.57.5500
[15]	Qin Xiu-Juan, Shao Guang-Jie, Liu Ri-Ping, Wang Wen-Kui, Yao Yu-Shu, Meng Hui-Min. Preparation and Raman spectra of high quality ZnO nano-bulk materials. Acta Physica Sinica, 2006, 55(7): 3760-3765. doi: 10.7498/aps.55.3760
[16]	WANG WEN-HAO, XU YU-HONG, YU CHANG-XUAN, WEN YI-ZHI, LING BI-LI, SONG MEI, WAN BAO-NIAN. ELECTROSTATIC FLUCTUATIONS AND TURBULENT TRANSPORT STUDIES IN THE HT-7 SUPERCONDUCTING TOKAMAK EDGE PLASMAS . Acta Physica Sinica, 2001, 50(10): 1956-1963. doi: 10.7498/aps.50.1956
[17]	MA HONG-LIANG, TANG JIA-YONG. MEASUREMENT OF ISOTOPE SHIFTS AMONG 142—146,148,150Nd+ BY USING COLLINEAR FAST-ION-BEAM LASER SPECTROSCOPY. Acta Physica Sinica, 2001, 50(3): 453-456. doi: 10.7498/aps.50.453
[18]	WEN HAI-HU, LI HONG-CHENG, QI ZHEN-ZHONG, CAO XIAO-WEN. FLUCTUATION AND DIMENSIONALITY OF SUPERCONDUCTIVITY IN HIGH Tc THIN FILMS. Acta Physica Sinica, 1990, 39(11): 1811-1814. doi: 10.7498/aps.39.1811
[19]	LI YAN-FEI. SUPERCONDUCTING FLUCTUATION AND PARACONDUCTIV-ITY IN AMORPHOUS ZrCo ALLOYS. Acta Physica Sinica, 1990, 39(6): 151-156. doi: 10.7498/aps.39.151
[20]	LI YIN-YUAN. ON THE RAMAN EFFECT OF MULTIPLE RADIATION PROCESS AND ITS APPLICATIONS IN SPECTROSCOPY. Acta Physica Sinica, 1964, 20(2): 164-173. doi: 10.7498/aps.20.164

Catalog

Vol. 74, Issue 11 - 2025-06-05

Metrics

Abstract views: 446
PDF Downloads: 27
Cited By: 0

姓名
邮箱
手机号码
标题
留言内容
验证码

Search

Article

留言板

Abstract

Authors and contacts

Corresponding author: CHU Hao, haochusjtu@sjtu.edu.cn

FullText HTML

References

Cited By

Catalog

Metrics

Authors

Referees

About Journal

About

Search

Article

留言板

Abstract

Authors and contacts

Corresponding author: CHU Hao, haochusjtu@sjtu.edu.cn

FullText HTML

References

Cited By

Catalog

Metrics

Publishing process

Authors

Referees

About Journal

About