LI Qing; JI Yunlan; LIU Ran; Suter Dieter; JIANG Min; PENG Xinhua

doi:10.7498/aps.74.20250271

Abstract

Quantum sensing utilizes the quantum resources of well-controlled quantum systems to measure small signals with high sensitivity, and has great potential in both fundamental science and concrete applications. Interacting quantum systems have attracted increasing interest in the field of precise measurements, owing to their potential to generate quantum-correlated states and exhibit rich many-body dynamics. These features provide a novel avenue for exploiting quantum resources in sensing applications. Although previous studies have shown that using such systems can improve sensitivity, they mainly focused on measuring individual physical quantities. In experiment, the challenge of using interacting quantum systems to achieve high-precision measurements of multiple physical parameters simultaneously has not been explored to a large extent. In this study, we demonstrate a first realisation of interaction-based multiparameter sensing by using strongly interacting nuclear spins under ultra-low magnetic field conditions. We find that, as the interaction strength among nuclear spins becomes significantly larger than their Larmor frequencies, a different regime emerges where the strongly interacting spins can be simultaneously sensitive to all components of a multidimensional field, such as a three-dimensional magnetic field. Moreover, we observe that the strong interactions between nuclear spins can increase their quantum coherence times to as long as several seconds, thereby improving measurement precision. Our sensor successfully achieves precision measurement of three-dimensional vector magnetic fields with a field sensitivity reaching the order of 10^–11 T and an angular resolution as high as 0.2 rad. Importantly, this approach eliminates the need for external reference fields, thereby avoiding calibration errors and technical noise commonly encountered in traditional magnetometry. Experimentally optimized protocol further enhances the sensitivity of the interacting spin-based sensor by up to five orders of magnitude compared with non-interacting or classical schemes. These results demonstrate the enormous potential of interacting spin systems as a powerful platform for high-precision multi-parameter quantum sensing. The techniques developed here pave the way for a new generation of quantum sensors that use intrinsic spin interactions to exceed the traditional sensitivity limits, presenting a promising route toward ultra-sensitive, calibration-free magnetometry in complex environments.

Keywords:

Authors and contacts

Corresponding author: JIANG Min, dxjm@ustc.edu.cn ; PENG Xinhua, xhpeng@ustc.edu.cn

Funds: Project supported by the Innovation Program for Quantum Science and Technology, China (Grant No. 2021ZD0303205), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. T2388102, 11927811, 92476204, 12150014, 12205296, 12274395, 12261160569), and the Youth Innovation Promotion Association, China (Grant No. 2023474).

FullText HTML

References

[1]
[2]
[3]
[4]
[5]
[6]
[7]
[8]
[9]
[10]
[11]
[12]
[13]
[14]
[15]
[16]
[17]
[18]
[19]
[20]
[21]
[22]
[23]
[24]
[25]
[26]
[27]
[28]
[29]
[30]
[31]
[32]
[33]
[34]
[35]
[36]
[37]
[38]
[39]
[40]
[41]
[42]
[43]
[44]
[45]
[46]
[47]
[48]
[49]
[50]
[51]
[52]
[53]
[54]
[55]
[56]
[57]
[58]
[59]
[60]
[61]
[62]
[63]
[64]
[65]
[66]
[67]
[68]
[69]
[70]
[71]
[72]
[73]
[74]
[75]
[76]
[77]

Cited By

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

[1]
[2]
[3]
[4]
[5]
[6]
[7]
[8]
[9]
[10]
[11]
[12]
[13]
[14]
[15]
[16]
[17]
[18]
[19]
[20]
[21]
[22]
[23]
[24]
[25]
[26]
[27]
[28]
[29]
[30]
[31]
[32]
[33]
[34]
[35]
[36]
[37]
[38]
[39]
[40]
[41]
[42]
[43]
[44]
[45]
[46]
[47]
[48]
[49]
[50]
[51]
[52]
[53]
[54]
[55]
[56]
[57]
[58]
[59]
[60]
[61]
[62]
[63]
[64]
[65]
[66]
[67]
[68]
[69]
[70]
[71]
[72]
[73]
[74]
[75]
[76]
[77]

[1]	XU Jiaxin, XU Lechen, LIU Jingyang, DING Huajian, WANG Qin. Research progress of artificial intelligence empowered quantum communication and quantum sensing systems. Acta Physica Sinica, 2025, 74(12): 120301. doi: 10.7498/aps.74.20250322
[2]	LIU Gangqin. Magnetic resonance and quantum sensing with color centers under high pressures. Acta Physica Sinica, 2025, 74(11): 117601. doi: 10.7498/aps.74.20250224
[3]	ZHAO Liqiang, LI Yuchen, YIN Haochuan, ZHANG Shengyu, WU Ze, PENG Xinhua. Quantum control based on solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance and its applications. Acta Physica Sinica, 2025, 74(7): 077402. doi: 10.7498/aps.74.20241709
[4]	Wu Bo, Lin Yi, Wu Feng-Chuan, Chen Xiao-Zhang, An Qiang, Liu Yi, Fu Yun-Qi. Quantum microwave electric field measurement technology based on enhancement electric filed resonator. Acta Physica Sinica, 2023, 72(3): 034204. doi: 10.7498/aps.72.20221582
[5]	Liu Gang-Qin. Diamond spin quantum sensing under extreme conditions. Acta Physica Sinica, 2022, 71(6): 066101. doi: 10.7498/aps.71.20212072
[6]	Tian Yu, Lin Zi-Dong, Wang Xiang-Yu, Che Liang-Yu, Lu Da-Wei. Experimental progress of quantum machine learning based on spin systems. Acta Physica Sinica, 2021, 70(14): 140305. doi: 10.7498/aps.70.20210684
[7]	Jiang Chuan-Dong, Wang Qi, Du Guan-Feng, Yi Xiao-Feng, Tian Bao-Feng. Characteristics of surface nuclear magnetic off-resonance signal and complex envelope inversion. Acta Physica Sinica, 2018, 67(1): 013302. doi: 10.7498/aps.67.20171464
[8]	Liu Gang-Qin, Xing Jian, Pan Xin-Yu. Quantum control of nitrogen-vacancy center in diamond. Acta Physica Sinica, 2018, 67(12): 120302. doi: 10.7498/aps.67.20180755
[9]	Kong Xiang-Yu, Zhu Yuan-Ye, Wen Jing-Wei, Xin Tao, Li Ke-Ren, Long Gui-Lu. New research progress of nuclear magnetic resonance quantum information processing. Acta Physica Sinica, 2018, 67(22): 220301. doi: 10.7498/aps.67.20180754
[10]	Pan Jian, Yu Qi, Peng Xin-Hua. Experimental technique for multi-qubit nuclear magnetic resonance system. Acta Physica Sinica, 2017, 66(15): 150302. doi: 10.7498/aps.66.150302
[11]	Wu Liang, Chen Fang, Huang Chong-Yang, Ding Guo-Hui, Ding Yi-Ming. Multi-exponential inversion of T2 spectrum in NMR based on improved nonlinear fitting. Acta Physica Sinica, 2016, 65(10): 107601. doi: 10.7498/aps.65.107601
[12]	Tian Bao-Feng, Zhou Yuan-Yuan, Wang Yue, Li Zhen-Yu, Yi Xiao-Feng. Noise cancellation method for full-wave magnetic resonance sounding signal based on independent component analysis. Acta Physica Sinica, 2015, 64(22): 229301. doi: 10.7498/aps.64.229301
[13]	Ling Hong-Sheng, Tian Jia-Xin, Zhou Shu-Na, Wei Da-Xiu. Time-optimized quantum QFT gate in an Ising coupling system. Acta Physica Sinica, 2015, 64(17): 170301. doi: 10.7498/aps.64.170301
[14]	Li Zheng, Zhou Rui, Zheng Guo-Qing. Quantum criticalities in carrier-doped iron-based superconductors. Acta Physica Sinica, 2015, 64(21): 217404. doi: 10.7498/aps.64.217404
[15]	Li Jun, Cui Jiang-Yu, Yang Xiao-Dong, Luo Zhi-Huang, Pan Jian, Yu Qi, Li Zhao-Kai, Peng Xin-Hua, Du Jiang-Feng. Quantum control of nuclear magnetic resonance spin systems. Acta Physica Sinica, 2015, 64(16): 167601. doi: 10.7498/aps.64.167601
[16]	Li Xin, Xiao Li-Zhi, Liu Hua-Bing, Zhang Zong-Fu, Guo Bao-Xin, Yu Hui-Jun, Zong Fang-Rong. Optimization of nuclear magnetic resonance refocusing pulses to enhance signal intensity in gradient B0 field. Acta Physica Sinica, 2013, 62(14): 147602. doi: 10.7498/aps.62.147602
[17]	Yao Xi-Wei, Zeng Bi-Rong, Liu Qin, Mu Xiao-Yang, Lin Xing-Cheng, Yang Chun, Pan Jian, Chen Zhong. Subspace quantum process tomography via nuclear magnetic resonance. Acta Physica Sinica, 2010, 59(10): 6837-6841. doi: 10.7498/aps.59.6837
[18]	Li Shao, Ren Yu-Feng, Wang Ning, Tian Ye, Chu Hai-Feng, Li Song-Lin, Chen Ying-Fei, Li Jie, Chen Geng-Hua, Zheng Dong-Ning. Detection of nuclear magnetic resonance in the microtesla range using a high Tc dc-superconducting quantum interference device. Acta Physica Sinica, 2009, 58(8): 5744-5749. doi: 10.7498/aps.58.5744
[19]	Pan Ke-Jia, Chen Hua, Tan Yong-Ji. Multi-exponential inversion of T2 spectrum in NMR based on differential evolution algorithm. Acta Physica Sinica, 2008, 57(9): 5956-5961. doi: 10.7498/aps.57.5956
[20]	Wang He, Li Geng-Ying. Combination of inversion and fitting as an effective method for the analysis of NMR relaxation data. Acta Physica Sinica, 2005, 54(3): 1431-1436. doi: 10.7498/aps.54.1431

Catalog

Vol. 74, Issue 11 - 2025-06-05

Metrics

Abstract views: 524
PDF Downloads: 53
Cited By: 0

姓名
邮箱
手机号码
标题
留言内容
验证码

Search

Article

留言板

Abstract

Authors and contacts

Corresponding author: JIANG Min, dxjm@ustc.edu.cn ; PENG Xinhua, xhpeng@ustc.edu.cn

FullText HTML

References

Cited By

Catalog

Metrics

Authors

Referees

About Journal

About

Search

Article

留言板

Abstract

Authors and contacts

Corresponding author: JIANG Min, dxjm@ustc.edu.cn ; PENG Xinhua, xhpeng@ustc.edu.cn

FullText HTML

References

Cited By

Catalog

Metrics

Publishing process

Authors

Referees

About Journal

About